Socio-Economic Vulnerability of the Cunene Population in the Face of Drought: Challenges and Prospects for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Regional Development (2023–2025)

Abstract

Socioeconomic vulnerability of Cunene’s population to drought represents a significant obstacle to sustainable regional development in the period 2023–2025. Dependence on subsistence agriculture and livestock, combined with water scarcity, threatens food security, exacerbates poverty, and favours internal displacement. The inadequacy of water access and the fragility of infrastructure intensify social and economic impacts, reducing community resilience. This article, grounded in mixed-methods approaches, integrates essencial social and enviromental policies to transform the effects of drought into opportunities for innovation and sustainability.
Copyright©2026, Lic. Nzuzi Jonete Abílio Copyright©2026, Lic. Simão Chissigui Venâncio, Prof. António Afonso Bindanda (Ph.D.), Est. Albino Estêvão Manjolo. 2026. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited