Plant Inventory and Taxonomic Classification of Spermatophyta in a University Campus Ecosystem

Abstract

Understanding plant diversity in semi-managed ecosystems is essential for biodiversity conservation and environmental education. This study aims to inventory and classify Spermatophyta species within two university campus sites and analyze their taxonomic composition and distribution patterns. An exploratory descriptive method was employed through field observations, documentation, and morphological identification of plant species. The collected data were classified taxonomically from kingdom to species level and analyzed descriptively. The results revealed a total 30 plant species belonging to both Gymnospermae and Angiospermae, with Angiospermae being the dominant group. Monocotyledonae were primarily represented by Arecaceae and Asparagaceae, while Dicotyledonae showed higher diversity across families such as Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae, Myrtaceae, and Sapindaceae. Campus 3 exhibited greater species richness compared to Campus 1, reflecting differences in landscape management and plant utilization. Functional analysis indicated the presence of ornamental, fruit-bearing, medicinal, and shade plants, highlighting the multifunctional role of campus vegetation. These findings demonstrate that university campuses function as important microhabitats for plant diversity and provide valuable resources for ecological studies and biology education. The study contributes to urban biodiversity knowledge and supports the integration of field-based learning in plant taxonomy.