Mobile Agricultural Applications as Digital Extension Tools for Enhancing Smallholder Farmers’ Productivity in Benue State, Nigeria

Abstract

The study assessed the use of mobile agricultural applications as digital extension tools for improving smallholder farmers’ productivity in Benue State, Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach involving survey research and key informant interviews was adopted. Structured questionnaires were administered to 210 smallholder farmers and 25 extension agents selected from the three agricultural zones of Benue State. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), and logistic regression analysis. Findings revealed that 46% of the farmers regularly used mobile agricultural applications for accessing extension information, while 38% utilized mobile platforms for weather updates and pest management information. About 42% accessed market price information through mobile applications, whereas 51% reported improved farming decisions and adoption of improved agricultural practices through digital extension services. Correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between farmers’ education level and mobile application usage (r = 0.61, p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that smartphone ownership (β = 0.49, p < 0.01) and internet access (β = 0.37, p < 0.05) significantly influenced utilization of mobile extension platforms. The study concluded that utilization of mobile agricultural applications among smallholder farmers remains relatively low despite their potential for improving productivity and extension delivery. Increased investment in rural digital infrastructure and farmer digital literacy training was recommended.