Substance Use and its Determinants among Out-of-School Youth in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria

Abstract

While proper use of drugs can promote health and well-being, their misuse or abuse can lead to serious harm. Substance abuse is a global issue, and it is on the increase and most especially among youths with devastating effects on individuals, family and society at large. However, there has been limited exploration into broader populations to uncover additional vulnerable demographics engaged in substance abuse, particularly among the youths not enrolled in school, leaving a gap in the substance use data of the country. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the prevalence of substance use and its underlying factors among out-of-school adolescent and young people, to facilitate the development and execution of targeted interventions. The study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design and utilized a multi-stage sampling approach, information was gathered from 319 respondents across five wards in Mushin Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria. Data collection involved an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire via the Kobo Collect app, focusing on socio-demographic details, substance use prevalence, commonly abused substances, associated factors, and awareness of substance-related complications. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-Square and ANOVA) at p<0.05 significance. Results: The study revealed that the mean age of respondents was 21.4 ± 2.12 years. Most (82%) were 20-24 years old, predominantly male (96%). Marijuana was the most common initial drug (39%), followed by Tramadol (15%) and Colos (12%). Key motivations for drug use included curiosity (79.6%), desire for happiness (52%), improved social interactions (37.6%), and enhanced sexual performance (33.9%). Statistical analysis showed a significant association between age at first drug use and family type (χ2 = 22.840, df = 6, p = 0.001). The result underscores the need for targeted interventions. Improved education on drug complications, strict enforcement of drug regulations, and addressing socio-cultural influences are crucial to reducing drug abuse among youth.