Prevalence of Chlamydia Trachomatis in the Four Primary Health Care Centres in Ukwuani L.G.A, Delta State

Abstract

Chlamydia trachomatis is a major public health concern and is one of the leading causes of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and infertility worldwide. A community-based cross-sectional study was used to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among patients attending selected Primary Health Care facilities in Ukwuani Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria from January 2023 to February 2025. Venous blood and Endocervical swab samples were collected from consenting male and female patients. Giemsa staining technique was used to observe chlamydia and chlamydia inclusion bodies under the oil immersion objective lens (x100). Out of a total 2456 participants, 820 (33.4%) was positive for Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Infection was highest (39.6%) at Amai PHCC, female infection was higher (37.8%) and recorded a significant difference in infection (p<0.05). age related infection was significant (<0.05) with the age group 21-25 yrs old recording a higher prevalence (46.0%). Single participants recorded high prevalence (53.5%) with significant association (p<0.05). chlamydia trachomatis infection among infertile males was significant (p<0.05) with male within ages 26-30 yrs recording a high prevalence 85.9%). The results of the current study demonstrate that Chlamydia trachomatis is a significant public health problem that causes infertility problems. This underscores the need for targeted screening, health education, and control measures in rural communities. Seasonal trends and antibody titre distribution highlight the importance of continuous surveillance to prevent long-term complications.