Knowledge of Senior High School Students on Over-The-Counter Medication and Its Relationship with Their Self-Medication Practices

Abstract

As adolescents transition into young adulthood, they become more independent in managing their health and are more likely to use over-the-counter (OTC) drugs for quick relief from minor illnesses, as these medications are convenient and easy to obtain without a prescription. Hence, this study investigates the level of knowledge of Senior High School students at Saint Mary’s University regarding OTC medications and examines its relationship with their self-medication practices. Using a descriptive-comparative-correlational research design, the researchers collected quantitative data through validated questionnaires and qualitative data via open-ended questions from 203 Grade 12 students across different academic strands. Findings revealed that most students possess a moderate level of knowledge about OTC medications, with females scoring significantly higher in knowledge compared to males. Common self-medication practices include checking medication instructions and proper storage, while consulting pharmacists and avoiding sharing medicines were less consistently observed. No significant differences in knowledge or self-medication practices were found based on academic strand, nor was there a significant correlation between knowledge and self-medication practices. Thematic analysis identified financial reasons, convenience, and quick relief as the primary motivators for self-medicating with OTC drugs. The findings underscore the importance of enhancing health education programs that not only improve knowledge but also address attitudes and socio-economic factors influencing responsible self-medication among senior high school students.