Enhancing Science Learning for Diverse Learners at Iligan City National School of Fisheries: An Action Research Study

Abstract

This action research investigated the effectiveness of targeted instructional strategies in enhancing science learning among diverse learners at Iligan City National School of Fisheries, a technical-vocational secondary school. Sixty Grade 9 students with varied linguistic, cultural, and academic backgrounds participated. The study implemented differentiated instruction, active learning, culturally responsive teaching, and technology-enhanced lessons to create an inclusive learning environment. A mixed-methods design was employed, including pre- and post-tests (validated and reliable, Cronbach’s α ≥ 0.82), student surveys (α ≥ 0.85), classroom observations, and informal interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed for mean improvement and effect sizes, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results indicated statistically and educationally significant gains, with large effect sizes in scientific knowledge (d = 1.05), engagement (d = 0.85), and attitudes toward science (d = 0.80). Students demonstrated enhanced conceptual understanding, active participation, and more positive attitudes toward science learning. Key barriers included limited English proficiency, cultural-linguistic differences, and resource constraints, which were mitigated through culturally responsive teaching and scaffolded supports. Findings suggest that inclusive, learner-centered strategies can significantly improve science performance, engagement, and equity, offering practical insights for technical-vocational education.