Perceptions of University Students on Social Interactions between Local and International Students on Campus: A Case Study of the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)

Abstract

Social interaction between local and international students is essential for fostering cross-cultural understanding, reducing stereotypes, and enhancing academic and personal development in diverse university environments. This study examines university students’ perceptions of social interactions between local and international students at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), where local students constitute approximately 70% and international students from over 100 countries make up 30%. Using a qualitative research design with semi-structured in-depth interviews, data were collected from 12 students (6 local and 6 international) at the Gombak campus. The findings reveal generally positive perceptions of the potential benefits of social interaction, yet actual engagement remains limited. Major barriers identified include language differences, cultural disparities, pre-existing social networks, lack of interaction activities, and insufficient support systems, which are exacerbated by the shift to hybrid and online learning post-COVID-19. Students expressed the need for structured support mechanisms such as buddy programs, intercultural workshops, inclusive campus events, and language support services. The study proposes a framework of effective strategies grounded in Social Constructivism Theory to enhance meaningful interactions. These insights offer practical recommendations for IIUM and similar Malaysian universities to promote integration, intercultural competence, and a more inclusive campus environment.