Optimizing Circulation and Wayfinding Using Space-Syntax Principles in the Proposed International Conference Centre, Aluu, Rivers State

Abstract

Efficient circulation and intuitive wayfinding are critical to the functionality, accessibility, and user experience of contemporary international conference centres. However, many conference facilities continue to experience fragmented circulation networks, weak spatial hierarchy, poor connectivity, congestion, and inadequate environmental legibility, resulting in reduced operational efficiency and user satisfaction. Although Space Syntax has been widely applied to evaluate movement patterns in hospitals, airports, museums, educational institutions, and commercial buildings, its application to conference centre planning remains limited. Likewise, biophilic design has primarily been examined from environmental and well-being perspectives, with little emphasis on its role in circulation planning and spatial orientation.
This study investigates how Space Syntax principles can be integrated with biophilic design strategies to optimise circulation efficiency and wayfinding in the proposed International Conference Centre, Aluu, Rivers State, Nigeria. A qualitative multiple case study approach was adopted, involving a comparative analysis of five established conference centres using documentary evidence, architectural drawings, photographs, and published literature. The analysis focused on key Space Syntax variables, including connectivity, integration, and intelligibility, alongside biophilic attributes such as natural lighting, landscape integration, visual openness, and environmental landmarks.
The findings indicate that conference centres with highly integrated spatial layouts, strong connectivity, and clear circulation hierarchies consistently achieve better movement efficiency, reduced congestion, improved accessibility, and enhanced wayfinding. The study further demonstrates that integrating biophilic elements into circulation systems strengthens users' cognitive mapping, environmental legibility, and overall spatial experience. Based on these findings, the study proposes the Ecological Conference Boulevard (ECB) as an integrated architectural framework that combines Space Syntax principles with biophilic design to improve circulation efficiency, environmental quality, spatial intelligibility, and user experience. The framework provides architects, planners, and policymakers with an evidence-based approach for designing sustainable, legible, and user-centred conference facilities.