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International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS)

Conversion of Anthropogenic CO₂ and Waste Flue Dust from Cement Factories into Calcium Carbonate and Magnesium Carbonate: A Circular Approach to Carbon Mitigation

byAhmad, A.; Isah, A.; Zaki, U. F.; Bello, B. A.; Wakkala, A.; Barau, H.; Yusuf, T.

Published June 19, 2026  •  Vol. 11, Issue 6, pp. 326–335Open Access
DOI: 10.51584/IJRIAS.2026.11060033

Abstract

Industrial flue dust, an abundant byproduct of metallurgical processes, was evaluated as a low-cost CO₂ material for CO2 conversion to calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate under ambient conditions. Batch system experiments compared CO₂ concentration profiles in a sealed chamber with and without flue dust at 25 °C and 1 atm., using a CO₂ injection rate of 20 mL per 30 s. In the absence of flue dust, CO₂ concentration rose steadily from 407–414 ppm to 1058 ppm at 900 s, reflecting passive accumulation. With flue dust present, CO₂ levels remained near ambient for up to 690 s, with measured concentrations 124–286 ppm lower than the control during 240–690 s. This corresponds to a CO₂ removal capacity of 23.5–41.4%, peaking at 41.4% before declining to 3.5% at 900 s due to reduction of calcium and magnesium oxide.

Keywords: Anthropogenic CO₂, Flue Dust, Carbonation, Climate change

JournalInternational Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS)
ISSN2454-6194
Volume / IssueVolume 11, Issue 6
Pages326–335
Publication dateJune 19, 2026
DOI10.51584/IJRIAS.2026.11060033
PublisherRSIS International
LicenseOpen Access

How to cite this article

Ahmad, A., Isah, A., Zaki, U. F., Bello, B. A., Wakkala, A., Barau, H., & Yusuf, T. (2026). Conversion of Anthropogenic CO₂ and Waste Flue Dust from Cement Factories into Calcium Carbonate and Magnesium Carbonate: A Circular Approach to Carbon Mitigation. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS), 11(6), 326-335. https://doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2026.11060033

BibTeX

@article{Ahmad2026,
  title   = {Conversion of Anthropogenic CO₂ and Waste Flue Dust from Cement Factories into Calcium Carbonate and Magnesium Carbonate: A Circular Approach to Carbon Mitigation},
  author  = {Ahmad, A. and Isah, A. and Zaki, U. F. and Bello, B. A. and Wakkala, A. and Barau, H. and Yusuf, T.},
  journal = {International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS)},
  volume  = {11},
  number  = {6},
  pages   = {326--335},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.51584/IJRIAS.2026.11060033},
  publisher = {RSIS International}
}