Instinctive Power Factor Improvement of Amika Distribution Network in Calabar (A Case Study of Amika Feeder)

Abstract

This research investigates the effectiveness of Instinctive Power Factor Improvement (IPFI), also referred to as Automatic Power Factor Correction (APFC) systems, in reducing power losses and enhancing power factor conditions in distribution feeders, with a focus on the Calabar AMIKA Distribution Feeder. The research adopts a simulation-based approach using ETAP Power Systems software to model the feeder and evaluate system performance under varying load conditions. Statistical analysis was conducted using Kendall’s Tau-based Pearson Correlation to establish the relationship between power losses and power factor levels. The results demonstrate that the implementation of APFC systems leads to significant improvements in both power factor and loss reduction across multiple substations. For instance, Achibong substation recorded a loss reduction from 47.6 kW to 27.7 kW, while Obutong substation losses decreased from 92.9 kW to 30.8 kW. Similarly, substantial improvements in power factor were observed, with Clement Ebri substation increasing from 65% to 86%, Utility substation improving from 16% to 100%, and Nsemo substation rising from 43% to 95%. These improvements contributed to enhanced operational efficiency, reduced technical losses, and improved voltage stability across the feeder. The research concluded by investigating more in APFC systems which is highly effective in optimizing power factor and minimizing losses, leading to cost savings and improved reliability of the electrical network. It recommends further validation through field implementation and economic analysis.