A Novel Polyherbal Cream for Melasma: Design, Characterization

Abstract

Melasma is a chronic hyperpigmentation disorder characterized by symmetrical brown to greyish patches on sun-exposed areas of the skin, particularly affecting women with darker skin types. Although not harmful, it significantly impacts aesthetic appearance and psychological well-being. The condition arises due to increased melanogenesis triggered by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, hormonal influences, genetic predisposition, and oxidative stress. Conventional treatments such as hydroquinone, retinoids, and corticosteroids are commonly used but are often associated with adverse effects, limiting their long-term application.
The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a herbal cream as a safer and effective alternative for melasma management. The cream was developed using natural ingredients including aloe vera, rose water, licorice extract, almond oil, shea butter, vitamin E, and emulsifying wax. These ingredients possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, and tyrosinase-inhibiting properties, which collectively help in reducing melanin production, protecting against UV-induced damage, and improving overall skin health.
The formulation was prepared using the oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion method and evaluated for various physicochemical parameters such as pH, spreadability, washability, texture, homogeneity, and irritancy. The results indicated that the cream had a smooth texture, good spreadability, excellent washability, and a skinfriendly pH of 5.60. No irritation or phase separation was observed, confirming its stability and safety.
In conclusion, the developed herbal cream demonstrated promising characteristics and can be considered a safe, effective, and economical alternative for the management of melasma with minimal side effects and improved patient compliance.