The Influence of Family Factors on Secondary School Students Completing Compulsory Education

Abstract

This study examines the influence of family factors on secondary school students’ completion of compulsory education in Muslim schools within the Kelaniya Education Zone. Despite the implementation of compulsory education policies in Sri Lanka, student dropout at the secondary level remains a significant concern. The study specifically focuses on how family-related factors such as economic status, parental education, parental motivation, domestic structure, and home environment affect students’ educational continuation. A mixed-method research design was employed, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected through questionnaires administered to 56 students and interviews conducted with parents, principals, and community representatives. The findings reveal that family economic hardship is the most significant factor contributing to school dropout, followed by low parental motivation and limited parental education. Additionally, large family size, single-parent conditions, and lack of a supportive home learning environment were identified as major barriers to completing compulsory education. The study concludes that family background plays a critical role in shaping students’ educational outcomes. It recommends increasing financial support for disadvantaged families, enhancing parental awareness of the importance of education, and strengthening school–family–community partnerships to improve student retention.