Recent Advances in Pharmacology of Senotherapeutics: A Review

Abstract

Cellular senescence, a hallmark of ageing, is characterised by irreversible proliferative arrest and the secretion of inflammatory mediators that influence tissue microenvironments. While senescence is protective in development, wound healing, and tumour suppression, the chronic accumulation of senescent cells accelerates inflammation, fibrosis, and organ dysfunction. Senotherapeutics, a novel pharmacological class that encompasses Senolytics and Senomorphics, aims to selectively eliminate senescent cells or suppress their harmful secretory activity. This review, based on seminar discussions and recent literature, outlines the mechanisms of senescence, associated biomarkers, links to chronic diseases, and current advances in Senotherapeutic strategies. Preclinical evidence and early clinical studies suggest their potential to extend health span in humans and animals.