Integration of Real-Time Occupancy Detection Module and Security Encryption Standards for an IOT-Based Smart Distribution Metered System

Abstract

Most people contemplate how energy is maintained in houses and offices. Yet, the problems persist and are difficult to disregard. Increasing electricity costs, safety concerns, weaknesses in linked devices, and the financial losses associated with powering vacant quarters are issues that require urgent attention. This study offers an IoT-based smart supply model that collectively tackles efficiency, computerization, and security, rather than treating them as separate problems. The proposed system runs on an ESP32 microcontroller. It is a commonly used option for work that involves IoT, as it does not fail, it is inexpensive, and well-supported. The PIR motion sensors are responsible for occupancy detection by checking whether a room is in use before any devices are switched on. Current sensors display actual power draw. The different parts are not very useful on their own, but working together creates wonders and solves human challenges. Security handling is achieved via AES encryption, which protects metering and control data as it moves through the system. AES is not a new skill. However, applying it consistently to the residential system is still not as common as it perhaps should be, considering how much can be exposed through home energy data. The results showed occupant detection to be 95% accuracy, and energy consumption fell to about 35% compared to a system running without automation. In summary, the study integrated a real-time occupancy detection module and security encryption standards for an IoT-based Metered System.