Geological Characteristics and Utilization Prospects of Azerbaijan’s Thermal Water Fields

Abstract

Azerbaijan's thermal water resources have been comprehensively investigated regarding their geological structure, physical-chemical properties, and economic potential. The primary objective is the scientifically grounded assessment of the therapeutic effects of thermal waters, their application prospects in the tourism sector, and their potential for utilization as energy resources. Research indicates that thermal waters can be utilized in industrial heat energy processes, greenhouse farming, residential district heating, and agriculture. This both lowers energy costs and strengthens energy security by reducing the country’s dependence on hydrocarbon reserves. From an ecological perspective, geothermal energy, as a clean and renewable source, contributes to the reduction of carbon emissions. Regarding tourism, resort zones, health centers, and recreational complexes established around thermal springs accelerate the socio-economic development of regions and reduce seasonal tourism dependency. Balneologically, thermal waters are effective in treating rheumatological diseases, skin problems, and nervous system disorders, thereby stimulating the development of sanatorium-resort complexes. Expanding this field increases public access to health services. As a result of a scientifically based approach and the application of modern technologies, it is possible to utilize the potential of thermal waters more effectively.