Analysis of Health Levels Between Islands in Indonesia and their Relationship with Socio-Economic and Environmental Factors

Abstract

This study aims to determine and assess the influence of gross domestic regional product (GDRP) per capita, education, poverty, and environmental quality on public health in Indonesia and to compare the levels of health complaints among four regions using panel data from 34 provinces in Indonesia during 2018-2023. This study employed a quantitative method using a Path Analysis model with dummy variables, categorizing the system into three regions (groups). In region 1, education and the environment negatively impacted health complaints, while GDRP per capita and poverty did not significantly impact these complaints. In region 2, the four independent variables included in the study showed that GDRB per capita, education, the environment, and poverty significantly affected health complaints. All four variables, except poverty, negatively affected health complaints. Selanjutnya diketahui bahwa pada region 2 ini pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak mempengaruhi keluhan kesehatan. Then in region 3, three variables have an effect on health complaints, the other two determining variables, namely GDRP per capita and poverty, do not have a significant influence on health complaints in this region. Finally, fluctuations in health complaints were largely determined by Covid-19, which peaked at the end of 2020. However, the determinants that are consistent from year to year and between islands are the environment and education.