Prevalence of Schistosoma Haematobium in Kiri, Shelleng Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria

Abstract

Schistosomiasis affects approximately 250 million people worldwide and ranks as the second most significant parasitic disease in humans after malaria. It remains a major public health concern in Nigeria. Urinary schistosomiasis, caused by S. heamatobium, is a prevalent illness in the Kiri community. This study examined 360 fresh urine samples collected from consenting individuals in Kiri, Shelleng Local Government Area, using the sedimentation method to detect S. heamatobium eggs. Prevalence was analyzed by age, gender, occupation, water source, and location. Infection rates were highest among males (46.7%), the 51–60-year age group (54.3%), and Lazan village (60%). No significant differences were observed in prevalence by sex (p>0.05), age group, or community. Prevalence was notably higher among fishermen (47.6%) and individuals using borehole or dam water (72.2%), with significant differences by occupation and water source (p<0.05).
These findings confirm that S. heamatobium is endemic in Kiri, Shelleng Local Government Area. This research study recommends government-led interventions, including chemotherapy, mass awareness campaigns by healthcare providers, and community education to avoid water-contact activities such as swimming and washing. Such measures will help curb transmission and mitigate socioeconomic and public health impacts.