Holistic Production and Utilization Strategy for Wheat Varieties UP 2338, PBW 343, And HIM 304 Under Manipur Agro-Climatic Conditions

Abstract

Wheat cultivation in North-East India, particularly Manipur, faces constraints related to climatic variability, soil heterogeneity, and limited agronomic optimisation. This study formulates a holistic production and utilisation strategy for three wheat varieties—UP 2338, PBW 343, and HIM 304—by integrating optimised agronomic practices, sustainable crop management, and evaluation of industrial, nutritional, and medicinal potential. Field trials conducted over two rabi seasons demonstrated that optimised sowing (15–25 November), split nitrogen application (120 kg N ha⁻¹), and critical irrigation at CRI and grain-filling stages increased yield by 18–27% compared to conventional practices. Integrated pest management reduced yield loss by 12%. Quality analysis revealed protein content ranging from 11.8–13.6%, wet gluten 24–30%, and strong suitability for bread and biscuit production. The varieties also showed significant antioxidant capacity (DPPH inhibition 32–41%), supporting potential nutraceutical applications. These findings establish a climate-adaptive, economically viable framework for wheat production and value addition in Manipur.