Multi-Hazard Management in Public Health Emergencies: A Case Study of Earthquake-Induced Dengue Outbreak in Bihar, India

Abstract

On June 14, 2024, a 6.2 magnitude earthquake struck northeastern Bihar, India, followed by a dengue outbreak 20 days later, exacerbating public health challenges. This case study analyzes the multi-hazard scenario across four districts (A, B, C, D), which reported 56 earthquake-related deaths, over 420 injuries, 1,740 suspected dengue cases, 314 confirmed cases, and 7 dengue deaths. Key vulnerabilities included damaged infrastructure, water stag- nation, and strained health systems. Utilizing data from the Public Health Emergency and Disaster Management (PHEDM) Tier-III training, this paper examines risk assessment, preparedness, response, and recovery strategies. Findings highlight the need for integrated disaster and vector control plans, robust surveillance, and multi-sectoral coordination to mitigate secondary health crises post-disaster. Recommendations include resilient infrastructure, community engagement, and real-time data systems to enhance multi- hazard resilience.