Inmates' Character Reformation and Recidivism in Nigeria: A Study of Okaka Correctional Facility, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State.

Abstract

This research explores how effective character reformation programs are at the Okaka Correctional Facility in Yenagoa, particularly in terms of reducing recidivism rates among inmates. The main goal was to assess the impact of various rehabilitation initiatives on changing inmates' behaviour and their chances of reoffending. The study was founded on principles from Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Social Learning Theory. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study collected quantitative data from 267 inmates via surveys and qualitative information through interviews with 30 key persons interview including inmates and correctional officers. The findings indicate that, although vocational training programs had some positive effects, many other rehabilitation efforts, like counselling, were largely seen as ineffective, leading to considerable inmate dissatisfaction with the quality of the programs. The study concludes that challenges such as overcrowding and poorly structured programs significantly impede successful rehabilitation. It strongly recommends the development of personalized rehabilitation strategies that consider the varied backgrounds and types of offences of inmates, as well as the enhancement of educational and vocational training opportunities to support their successful reintegration into society.