Advancing Sustainable Manufacturing through Circular Economy Integration Aligned With SDGs 7, 9, and 12: An Industry 4.0 and Education Perspective at Open University Malaysia

Abstract

This research focuses on linking Circular Economy practices with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7, 9, and 12 to promote sustainability, innovation, and resilience in the manufacturing sector. Conducted by the Open University of Malaysia (OUM), the study evaluates the level of understanding of Industry 4.0, Circular Economy, and SDGs among Open Distance Learning (ODL) students, identifying educational shortcomings and suggesting improvement measures. The conventional linear economic model contributes to resource exhaustion and environmental harm, posing challenges to sustainable growth. Circular Economy principles, which prioritise efficient resource use and waste minimisation, present a practical alternative but have yet to see widespread adoption. Using a quantitative approach supported by structured questionnaires, the research assesses student knowledge of Circular Economy concepts and their alignment with SDGs 7, 9, and 12. Findings show varied levels of awareness, indicating the need for stronger educational engagement. Suggested measures include recycling initiatives, product longevity in design, shared resource utilisation, remanufacturing processes, and waste reduction. The proposed framework promotes innovation, sustainable product development, effective resource and waste management, targeted education, and continuous evaluation to support a regenerative manufacturing industry in line with global sustainability targets.