Fatal Accidents in Nairobi: A Statistical Analysis of Road Traffic, Burn, Drowning, and Occupational Injuries

Abstract

Background: Accidental deaths are a significant public health concern in Nairobi, Kenya, with road traffic accidents (RTAs), burns, and drowning being the leading causes.
Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of accidental deaths in Nairobi, focusing on RTAs, burns, and drowning, identify vulnerable groups.
Methods: A descriptive prospective study was conducted at the City Mortuary in Nairobi between June 1, 2009, and May 31, 2010. A total of 2,566 autopsies were performed during the study period, with 2,278 (88.8%) attributed to violent causes. The study focused on accidental fatalities, particularly RTAs, burns, drowning, and other causes.
Results: RTAs were the primary cause of accidental deaths, accounting for 87.3% of all fatalities (929 cases). Among RTA victims, pedestrians (46.9%) and cyclists (25.2%) were the most affected. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant relationship between road user category and accident type (Chi-square = 984.1, p < 0.001). Other causes included burns (4.5%), drowning (4.0%), and falls (2.2%). ANOVA results showed significant differences in fatality rates among road user groups (F(3, 925) = 37.82, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: RTAs, particularly those involving pedestrians and cyclists, are the leading cause of accidental deaths in Nairobi. Burns and drowning also remain significant public health concerns.
Recommendations: To improve safety across various sectors, collaboration between government agencies, community organizations, and public health authorities is essential, including developing dedicated pedestrian and cyclist lanes, enhancing fire safety , promoting water safety ,upgrading emergency services and trauma care facilities.