"Prevalence of Anemia in Tribal Populations: A Regional Study from Peth Region"

Abstract

Anemia remains a major public-health challenge in India, particularly among tribal adolescents who face nutritional, social, and cultural disadvantages. This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and determinants of anemia among 200 adolescents (10–19 years) from a remote tribal area of the Peth region, Nashik District, Maharashtra. Hemoglobin levels were estimated using the cyanmethemoglobin method, and socio-dietary data were obtained through structured questionnaires. Results revealed that 68 % of girls and 54 % of boys were anemic, mostly of moderate severity. Inadequate dietary diversity, early menarche, poor sanitation, and limited healthcare access were key contributing factors. Compared with national data from NFHS-5 (2019–21), anemia prevalence in this tribal cohort was markedly higher. Gender-based disparities and cultural taboos restricting food intake during menstruation further worsened the problem. The findings underscore the need for targeted school-based iron supplementation, nutrition education, and culturally sensitive interventions. Addressing anemia in tribal adolescents is vital for improving health equity, educational outcomes, and future socioeconomic development.