Assessment of Employment Prospects for Malaysia Graduates Using the Topsis Approach

Abstract

This study aims to analyse employment prospects for Malaysian graduates using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodology, a multi-criteria decision-making tool. The increasing difficulty faced by graduates in securing employment highlights the necessity of a systematic evaluation of employability factors and an objective framework for assessing employment prospects. This research utilizes employment data from 2018 to 2022, examining critical variables such as industry demand, skill alignment, academic qualifications, and regional unemployment rates across Malaysia. By employing the TOPSIS method, the research ranks employment prospects in various sectors and states within Malaysia. The methodology provides a comparative assessment that considers the alignment of graduate skills with market needs, helping to identify gaps between academic training and employer expectations. This approach offers insights into the readiness of Malaysian graduates to enter the workforce and highlights disparities in job opportunities across regions.
The findings reveal notable differences in employment opportunities, with a strong emphasis on the importance of aligning academic qualifications with industry requirements. The study also underscores the role of higher education institutions in tailoring curricula to match labour market trends and fostering skill development relevant to employer needs. Furthermore, recommendations are provided for policymakers to design effective strategies that address regional employment disparities and enhance job creation. This research contributes significantly to understanding graduate employment trends by integrating quantitative data into a robust decision-making framework. It offers strategic recommendations for improving graduate employability, ensuring they are better equipped to meet the demands of the evolving job market in Malaysia.