A Study on Socio-Economic Impact of PM-JAY Health Insurance Scheme on Indian Households

Abstract

Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) scheme was launched on September 23,2018 by the government of India. This study explores the socio-economic impact of the PM-JAY scheme on Indian households, emphasizing its effectiveness in reducing out-of-pocket (OOP) healthcare expenditures, enhancing access to medical services, and strengthening overall financial protection. Additionally, it evaluates the scheme’s coverage across different Indian states by analysing state-wise enrolment patterns and beneficiary penetration levels. The study also investigates hospitalization trends and examines variations in morbidity and mortality among beneficiaries to gain deeper insights into the broader health outcomes associated with PM-JAY implementation. The study draws on secondary data obtained from the annual reports of the National Health Authority (NHA), as well as various academic journals and research articles. The findings reveal that PM-JAY has played a significant role in reducing instances of distress financing and enhancing healthcare accessibility, particularly among rural and low-income households. Furthermore, the broadened hospital network and the surge in admissions under PM-JAY point to improved access to quality healthcare, increased hospitalization rates, and a likely reduction in mortality. The study concludes that while PM-JAY has made meaningful progress toward universal health coverage (UHC), sustained efforts in strengthening implementation, monitoring, and public awareness are essential to ensure equitable and long-term socio-economic benefits for all Indian households.