Survey of Video-based Learning Deployment by Secondary School Teachers

Abstract

This empirical research investigates the use of video-based learning (VBL) amongst secondary school teachers in Malaysia, focusing on instructional video creation, pedagogical value, student engagement strategies and system-wide challenges (a survey was carried out with primary teachers and reported in another paper). Data were collected in 2025 through an online survey involving 253 postgraduate Diploma in Education candidates aged between 26 and 43. The sample reflected Malaysia’s multi-ethnicity and comprised 72 males and 181 females. All of the respondents held undergraduate degrees and were completing their final practicum placements as student-teachers. The survey instrument consisted of 32 items structured around four central questions. The findings indicate that whilst a minority of teachers create original contents, such as explainer videos and micro-learning segments, the majority actively source subject-specific VBL materials aligned with the national curriculum. Respondents consistently rated VBL as highly effective in simplifying complex concepts and enhancing visual understanding for students in Forms 1 to 5. Design features such as video length (three to five minutes), real-world examples, age-appropriate presentation and visual signalling techniques were considered effective in sustaining attention and promoting cognitive engagement. However, several barriers to VBL integration were identified. These included limited access to technical infrastructure, insufficient training in video production and time constraints resulting from heavy teaching schedules. The findings highlight the need for targeted professional development, improved system-wide support and consideration of workload issues to enable sustainable adoption of VBL in Malaysian secondary schools.