Impact of Total Quality Management Implementation on Dimensions of Organizational Performance in Bahraini Private Sector Firms: A Scoping Review

Abstract

This scoping review examines the impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) implementation on organizational performance in Bahraini private sector firms. Following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a search of electronic databases (including Business Source Complete, Scopus, and Web of Science) and grey literature (e.g., industry reports, government documents) was conducted from January 2000 to December 2024 using keywords related to “TQM,” “performance,” and “Bahrain.” Thirty-seven sources, primarily quantitative studies in the manufacturing and service sectors, met the inclusion criteria. Results revealed that 76% of the studies included reported a positive correlation between TQM and both financial and operational performance. Customer focus, leadership commitment, and employee involvement were the most frequently implemented TQM dimensions. Organizational culture emerged as a key moderating factor. Key research gaps include the underrepresentation of SMEs and emerging sectors such as information technology and logistics, a limited focus on non-financial performance outcomes like innovation and sustainability, and a lack of longitudinal studies exploring long-term impacts. These findings highlight avenues for future research, including the use of mixed methods approaches and comparative studies across GCC countries. Organizations can leverage these results to inform TQM implementation strategies tailored to the Bahraini context. Policymakers can develop targeted support mechanisms to enhance SME quality management capabilities. Industry bodies can promote more comprehensive approaches to organizational excellence by incorporating broader performance dimensions into quality award and recognition programs.