Development of an Arduino-Based Solar Pv Tracking Energy Learning Kit for the Electronic Design Topic In Education

Abstract

This study was conducted to address the shortage of interactive and practical teaching aids for the Form 2 Design and Technology (RBT) subject, specifically regarding the topic of Electronic Design. The primary aim of this study was to develop and evaluate an innovative, kit-based teaching aid named the "Arduino-based Solar PV Tracking Energy Learning Kit," which utilizes Arduino technology. Specific objectives included identifying the requirements for the kit's development, designing and developing the product based on the ADDIE Instructional Design Model, and evaluating the kit's usability among RBT teachers. The research employed a qualitative design and development (R&D) approach, involving semi-structured interviews with an instrument expert and three secondary school teachers experienced in teaching RBT. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic and descriptive analysis methods. The results indicated that the average functional and content validity, based on expert evaluations, reached 100%. Furthermore, usability findings from the teachers demonstrated that the Arduino-based Smart Solar-Track Edu Kit enhances active student engagement, facilitates the understanding of abstract circuit concepts, and enables teachers to deliver lessons more interactively and effectively compared to conventional methods. This study contributes to the creation of a teaching aid based on automation and renewable energy technologies that aligns with 21st-century learning (PAK-21) requirements.