Design and Development of a Mobile Application System for Yangjiang Lacquerware Craftsmanship and Cultural Preservation: Integrating AR/VR Learning, Blockchain Authentication, and Community Engagement

Abstract

The preservation of intangible cultural heritage has become increasingly challenging due to declining numbers of skilled practitioners, limited opportunities for intergenerational knowledge transmission, market competition, and the rapid transformation of cultural consumption patterns. Yangjiang lacquerware, one of China’s recognized forms of intangible cultural heritage, faces significant threats related to artisan succession, loss of tacit knowledge, counterfeit products, and decreasing engagement among younger generations. To address these challenges, this study designed, developed, implemented, and evaluated a mobile application system that supports the preservation and promotion of Yangjiang lacquerware through the integration of emerging digital technologies. The study employed Design and Development Research (DDR) as its methodological framework and utilized the ADDIE Model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) to guide the development process. The application incorporated six major functional components: an AR/VR Learning Module, Knowledge Graph Module, Blockchain Authentication and NFT Certification Module, Creative Workshop Module, Community Interaction Module, and Gamification Module. Data were collected through interviews, observations, usability reviews, system testing, questionnaires, learning assessments, and system analytics. Formal implementation and evaluation involved fifty-seven participants representing artisans, learners, and cultural consumers. Findings indicated that the developed application enhanced cultural learning, improved user engagement, facilitated knowledge transmission, and strengthened authenticity verification mechanisms. Participants reported positive perceptions regarding usability, learning support, and cultural relevance. The integration of immersive technologies, knowledge management systems, and blockchain authentication contributed to a comprehensive digital ecosystem capable of supporting both cultural preservation and sustainable cultural development. The study demonstrates the potential of mobile technologies to serve as effective tools for safeguarding intangible cultural heritage while fostering community participation and cultural innovation.