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International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS)

Beyond Willingness: Structural Barriers to Participation in School Activities

byRica G. Nuñez; Jame L. Paglinawan

Published July 15, 2026  •  Vol. 11, Issue 6, pp. 3502–3509Open Access
DOI: 10.51584/IJRIAS.2026.11060265

Abstract

The study finds that low participation in school activities is mainly caused by structural barriers such as time constraints, work and household responsibilities, financial limitations, and poor communication. Although parents and learners are willing to engage, conflicts with schedules, costs, and late announcements make participation difficult, especially for low-income families. The research concludes that these challenges are not due to lack of interest but to socioeconomic and organizational factors, and it recommends flexible scheduling, early communication, and reduced costs to make school involvement more accessible and inclusive.

Keywords: reduced costs to make school involvement more accessible and inclusive

JournalInternational Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS)
ISSN2454-6194
Volume / IssueVolume 11, Issue 6
Pages3502–3509
Publication dateJuly 15, 2026
DOI10.51584/IJRIAS.2026.11060265
PublisherRSIS International
LicenseOpen Access

How to cite this article

Rica G. Nuñez, & Jame L. Paglinawan (2026). Beyond Willingness: Structural Barriers to Participation in School Activities. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS), 11(6), 3502-3509. https://doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2026.11060265

BibTeX

@article{Rica2026,
  title   = {Beyond Willingness: Structural Barriers to Participation in School Activities},
  author  = {Rica G. Nuñez and Jame L. Paglinawan},
  journal = {International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS)},
  volume  = {11},
  number  = {6},
  pages   = {3502--3509},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.51584/IJRIAS.2026.11060265},
  publisher = {RSIS International}
}