Synthesis of Silver-4-Phenylenediamine–Cyclodextrin Nanomaterials and Ph-Dependent Characteristics of 4-Phenylenediamine–Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes

Abstract

The spectral characteristics of 4-phenylenediamine (4PDA) in various solvents, and in the presence of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) at pH~3, and pH~7 were investigated using UV–visible, fluorescence, time-resolved fluorescence measurements, and PM3 computational methods.
Both pH conditions, 4PDA exhibited distinct absorption and emission shifts upon complexation with α-CD and β-CD. In various solvents, the absorption and emission maxima of 4PDA were similar to those of 4-anisidine. 4PDA showed a single broad emission band in all solvents, whereas dual emission observed in CD solutions indicates the presence of a twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) process in the 4PDA molecule. The fluorescence lifetimes of the inclusion complexes were greater than that of free 4PDA. The 4PDA–CD inclusion complexes and silver:4PDA:CD nanomaterials were synthesized and characterized by SEM, FTIR, and XRD techniques. SEM–EDX data confirmed the presence of 2.9 % silver in the nanomaterials.