Solar-Powered Innovation for PACDA Elementary School: Sustaining Learning Amid Brownouts and Securing Nighttime Safety

Abstract

Frequent brownouts in rural schools disrupt learning and compromise safety. At PACDA Elementary School in Benguet, a 5 kWp hybrid solar photovoltaic (PV) system was installed, consisting of 20 panels rated at 250 W each and a 10-kWh lithium-ion battery bank, producing an average of 20 kWh per day. This study examined its feasibility, sustainability, and broader impact on education and safety.
Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from teachers, learners, and community stakeholders to evaluate outcomes. Statistical analysis confirmed significant improvements: classroom disruptions decreased by 80% (t(49) = 9.82, p < 0.001), student engagement rose by 65% (t(49) = 7.45, p < 0.001), and homework completion increased by 60%. Safety outcomes also improved, with nighttime accidents reduced by 80% (t(39) = 6.45, p < 0.001) and vandalism incidents declining by 75%. Qualitative findings highlighted strong community involvement, with parents and leaders actively maintaining the system and supporting renewable energy adoption.
Beyond technical advantages, the project cultivated environmental awareness, promoted sustainable practices, and encouraged active participation, positioning PACDA Elementary as a pioneering model for sustainable rural education. These results underscore the critical role of renewable energy in bridging educational gaps, ensuring safety in resource-constrained settings, and inspiring replication in similar communities. The study contributes meaningfully to the discourse on sustainable school innovations, demonstrating solar energy as a practical and transformative solution aligned with DepEd electrification goals and the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.