Evaluation of Electromagnetic Field Exposure Level from Mobile Phones and Its Health Risks

Abstract

This study investigated the electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) levels associated with different mobile phone models operating at frequencies of 900 MHz and 2100 MHz. The objective was to assess the electric field strength, magnetic field strength, and power density emitted by these devices, and to determine the potential impact of mobile phone radiation on human health. Using an EMF Multi-Function Meter (GQ EMF-390V2 Electronics), measurements of the electric field (E), magnetic field (H), and power density (S) were obtained. The specific absorption rate (SAR) and health risk index (HRI) were computationally analyzed from dielectric and density data for seven (7) head tissues and the measured electric field over a range of popular mobile phone models and compared their EMF exposure levels against the safety limits set by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). The study found that while most mobile phones complied with ICNIRP safety standards, significant differences in radiation emission were observed between models, with certain devices exceeding recommended SAR thresholds. The findings suggested that radiation exposure varies across phone designs and operating frequencies, with potential implications for long-term health, especially in sensitive tissue areas like the brain and cerebrospinal fluid. This study indicated the importance of adhering to EMF safety guidelines and encourages consumers to be aware of SAR values when selecting mobile devices, particularly those frequently used close to the head.