Sub-Lethal Toxicity of Paraquat Dichloride (200g/L) on Biochemical Properties of Clarias Gariepinus Juveniles

Abstract

This study investigates the sub-lethal effects of varying concentrations of Paraquat dichloride on biochemical parameters and mortality rates of juvenile Clarias gariepinus over a 28-day exposure period. A controlled laboratory experiment was conducted with five treatment groups (T1 to T5) of juvenile C. gariepinus, each comprising nine fish. The control group (T1) received no Paraquat, while T2 to T5 were exposed to increasing concentrations (0.034 to 0.134 ml/L) of Paraquat dichloride (200 g/L). Mortality rates increased significantly with higher Paraquat concentrations, peaking at 66.67% in T5. Results also revealed the biochemical disruptions caused by Paraquat exposure indicated increased glucose levels, liver dysfunction and altered cholesterol metabolism in C. gariepinus, suggesting physiological stress and toxicity of juvenile C. gariepinus leading to elevated mortality and compromised health. This study emphasized the critical role of biochemical assessments in evaluating health impacts of pollutants on fish