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International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS)

Socioeconomic, Nutritional, and Demographic Determinants of Anaemia among Nigerian Women: A Machine Learning Analysis of DHS 2024 Data

byBunmi Segun Rotimi

Published January 17, 2026  •  Vol. 10, Issue 12, pp. 955–967Open Access
DOI: 10.51584/IJRIAS.2025.10120081

Abstract

Anaemia remains a serious public health problem among women of reproductive age in Nigeria, with significant implications for maternal and population health. This study examined the prevalence, determinants, and predictability of anaemia using descriptive statistics, inferential analyses, and supervised machine-learning models on the data from the 2023–2024 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Anaemia status was defined using World Health Organisation haemoglobin thresholds. The results indicate an alarming 78% prevalence of anaemia among Nigerian women across geographic, socioeconomic, and educational strata. Nutritional status, particularly body mass index, together with reproductive factors and contextual characteristics, emerged as the most influential predictors of anaemia. The study highlights the value of combining epidemiological analysis with interpretable machine learning to inform targeted strategies for anaemia prevention and control in Nigeria.

Keywords: Anaemia; Women of reproductive age; Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey

JournalInternational Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS)
ISSN2454-6194
Volume / IssueVolume 10, Issue 12
Pages955–967
Publication dateJanuary 17, 2026
DOI10.51584/IJRIAS.2025.10120081
PublisherRSIS International
LicenseOpen Access

How to cite this article

Bunmi Segun Rotimi (2026). Socioeconomic, Nutritional, and Demographic Determinants of Anaemia among Nigerian Women: A Machine Learning Analysis of DHS 2024 Data. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS), 10(12), 955-967. https://doi.org/10.51584/IJRIAS.2025.10120081

BibTeX

@article{Bunmi2026,
  title   = {Socioeconomic, Nutritional, and Demographic Determinants of Anaemia among Nigerian Women: A Machine Learning Analysis of DHS 2024 Data},
  author  = {Bunmi Segun Rotimi},
  journal = {International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS)},
  volume  = {10},
  number  = {12},
  pages   = {955--967},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.51584/IJRIAS.2025.10120081},
  publisher = {RSIS International}
}