Modulatory Effects of Moringa Oleifera and Musa Sapentium on P53 Expression Changes in Dmba and Cadmium-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Chemical-induced hepatotoxicity remains a major concern due to environmental and experimental exposure to toxicants such as 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and cadmium. Medicinal plants with antioxidant properties may offer protective benefits against liver injury. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of Moringa oleifera and Musa sapentium on DMBA and cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats, with emphasis on hepatic p53 modulation and histopathological changes. Male Wistar rats were exposed to DMBA and cadmium, either alone or in combination with Moringa oleifera or Musa sapentium extracts. Hepatic p53 levels were quantified using ELISA, while liver tissues were examined histologically using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Administration of DMBA and cadmium resulted in significant alterations in hepatic p53 levels and severe histopathological damage to liver tissue. Co-treatment with Moringa oleifera or Musa sapentium extracts modulated toxicant-induced p53 changes and improved liver histoarchitecture compared with toxicant-only treated groups. The findings suggest that Moringa oleifera and Musa sapentium exert protective effects against DMBA- and cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity, potentially through modulation of p53-associated stress responses and preservation of liver tissue integrity.