Nanoparticle – Based Drug Delivery for Stomach Cancer

Abstract

Stomach cancer, or gastric cancer, continues to be a major global health challenge, largely because it is often detected late and responds poorly to standard treatments. Traditional therapies like chemotherapy and radiotherapy frequently struggle with issues such as high toxicity, low drug solubility, and the development of multidrug resistance. In recent years, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising way to overcome these barriers. By designing nanoparticles that can carry drugs directly to the tumour, researchers are able to achieve better targeting, controlled drug release, and enhanced drug accumulation at the cancer site through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. When nanoparticles are further modified with specific ligands, they can actively recognize tumour markers, improving, treatment precision while reducing harm to healthy tissues. Innovations in polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, and nano-micelles have significantly improved drug stability, bioavailability, and overall patient comfort. As this review highlights, the integration of nanotechnology into gastric cancer therapy represents an exciting step toward personalized medicine and may open the door to more effective clinical treatments in the future.